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Titration
Volumetric Solutions
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As early as 1924, the company then known as Riedel-de Haën AG became the first company in the world to market reagents in sealed ampoules for the production of solutions in precisely measured quantities. This was the birth of FIXANAL®, the volumetric concentrate which produced a balanced normal solution simply by diluting to 1000 ml. Even now, many customers throughout the world use FIXANAL® ampoules - but normality has been replaced by molarity.
The production and quality assurance of FIXANAL® ampoules are subject to strict requirements. The continuous production lines provides a high degree of reliability for the specified titer guarantees. The special sealing process of the FIXANAL® ampoules leads to the best possible storage stability.
Every FIXANAL® ampoule contains precisely the amount of concentrate necessary for a ready-to-use reagent or buffer solution. It is only necessary to dilute the concentrate to the desired final volume. Usually, the concentrates are diluted to 1 l for reagents and 0.5 l for buffer solutions. Other concentrations of substances can be achieved by other dilution volumes.
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| The ampoules are made of high-resistance polyethylene and have an attached funnel (see image aside). Simply twisting the ampoules opens the bottom outlet, a specially developed rinsing funnel facilitates the simple perforation of the diaphragm. The integrated deflector accelerates the complete rinsing of the concentrate. To make it easier for the user to mark the reagents, the ampoules are provided with self-adhesive labels, which can be easily attached to the storage vessel in the laboratory. |
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If made necessary by the chemical properties, the products are contained in black pigmented PE ampoules or in glass ampoules without the twist-opening mechanism. Naturally, all ready-to-use solutions and FIXANAL® concentrates are calibrated against independently produced reference standards. All chemicals and test equipment are examined according to the rules of DIN EN ISO 9001 and DIN EN ISO 14001.
Today, the range of FIXANAL® ampoules encompasses:
- Reagent solutions
- Buffer solutions
- Complexometry
For a detailed product list please click here.
Increasing automation and the escalating requirements of existing quality monitoring systems make the use of ready-to-use solutions necessary in many applications. In comparison with FIXANAL® concentrates, ready-to-use solutions yield a higher titer precision, but can be used immediately.
Titer precision at 20°C
FIXANAL®-Concentrates: T=1±0.2 %
Ready-to-Use Solutions: T=1±0.1 %
| Volpac® Solution Container |
| Apart from the customary package sizes up to 5 l, the Sigma-Aldrich range also contains special 5 l and 10 l VOLPAC® packages for requirements of larger quantities of ready-to-use solutions (see image aside). These containers consist of a rugged cardboard cube containing a flexible inner bag made of polyethylene with an outlet cock. When the solution is withdrawn, the polyethylene bag collapses without the entry of air, so that contamination by the air in the laboratory is prevented. |
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Other advantages of the VOLPAC® package are the small storage space requirement, simple handling, low volume of packaging material and easy disposal.
For a detailed product list please click here.
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